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Following the transition from central planning toward market-based economies, the formerly communist states of Central and Eastern Europe introduced a number of reforms in the finance, management, and organization of the health sector. While health sector reforms in these countries have involved deep structural changes, they have generally been less successful in improving efficiency, enhancing equity in healthcare financing and delivery, and managing clinical quality of health services. Total health expenditures have increased in almost all countries, especially in recent years, and with reve
Medical economics --- Medical care, Cost of --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Economics, Medical --- Health --- Health economics --- Hygiene --- Costs --- Economic aspects --- Medical savings accounts
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The East Asia and Pacific region is characterized by wide variations in sources of healthcarefinancing, pooling of funds, purchasing of care services, and the extent to which thesepolicy instruments and programs provide social protection. Existing healthcare financingsystems in the region are under increasing pressure from a continued prevalence ofcommunicable diseases, an emergence of non communicable diseases, and a rapidlyaging population.Large inequalities between the poor and the prosperous in their access to healthcarefinancing mechanisms can be reformed and strengthened to improve outco
Medical economics --- Medical care, Cost of --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Economics, Medical --- Health --- Health economics --- Hygiene --- Costs --- Economic aspects --- Medical savings accounts
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Medical fees --- Medical care, Cost of --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Physicians --- Fees, Professional --- Costs --- Fees --- Salaries, etc.
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Medical care, Cost of --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Costs
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Medical care, Cost of --- Medical care --- 670 Gezondheid --- Nederland --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Costs
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Cost of medical care --- Coût des soins médicaux --- Emotional health --- Geestelijke gezondheid --- Geneeskundige zorgen--Kosten --- Health care costs --- Kosten van de geneeskundige zorgen --- Medical care [Cost of ] --- Medical care--Cost --- Medical service [Cost of ] --- Medicine--Cost of medical care --- Medische zorgen--Kosten --- Mental health --- Mental hygiene --- Santé mentale --- Soins médicaux--Coût --- Gezondheidsindicatoren --- Gezondheidsbeleid --- Indicateurs de santé --- Politique de la santé --- World health --- Orientation
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Payers for health care are pursuing a variety of policies as part of broader efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Payment reform is but one policy tool to improve health system performance that requires supportive measures in place such as policies with well-developed stakeholder involvement, information on quality, clear criteria for tariff setting, and embedding evaluation as part of the policy process. Countries should not, however, underestimate the significant data challenges when looking at price setting processes. Data access and ways to overcome its fragmentation require well-developed infrastructures. Policy efforts highlight a trend towards aligning payer and provider incentives by using evidence-based clinical guidelines and outcomes to inform price setting. There are signs of increasing policy focus on outcomes to inform price setting. These efforts could bring about system-wide effects of using evidence along with a patient-centred focus to improve health care delivery and performance in the long-run.
Medical care --- Delivery of health care --- Delivery of medical care --- Health care --- Health care delivery --- Health services --- Healthcare --- Medical and health care industry --- Medical services --- Personal health services --- Public health --- Medical care, Cost of. --- Cost effectiveness. --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Costs
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"Developing credible short-term and long-term projections of Medicare health care costs is critical for public- and private-sector policy planning, but faces challenges and uncertainties. There is uncertainty not only in the underlying economic and demographic assumptions used in projection models, but also in what a policy modeler assumes about future changes in the health status of the population and the factors affecting health status, the extent and pace of scientific and technological breakthroughs in medical care, the preferences of the population for particular kinds of care, the likelihood that policy makers will alter current law and regulations, and how each of these factors relates to health care costs for the elderly population. Given the substantial growth in the Medicare population and the continued increases in Medicare, Medicaid, and private health insurance spending, the availability of well-specified models and analyses that can provide useful information on the likely cost implications of health care policy alternatives is essential. It is therefore timely to review the capabilities and limitations of extant health care cost models and to identify areas for research that offer the most promise to improve modeling, not only of current U.S. health care programs, but also of policy alternatives that may be considered in the coming years. The National Research Council conducted a public workshop focusing on areas of research needed to improve health care cost projections for the Medicare population, and on the strengths and weaknesses of competing frameworks for projecting health care expenditures for the elderly. The workshop considered major classes of projection and simulation models that are currently used and the underlying data sources and research inputs for these models. It also explored areas in which additional research and data are needed to inform model development and health care policy analysis more broadly. The workshop, summarized in this volume, drew people from a wide variety of disciplines and perspectives, including federal agencies, academia, and nongovernmental organizations."--home page.
Medical care, Cost of --- Medicare --- Medical policy --- Statistics --- Costs --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Health insurance --- Older people --- Medicaid --- Medigap --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts
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Medical care. --- Medical care, Cost of. --- Cost of medical care --- Health care costs --- Health care expenditures --- Medical care --- Medical costs --- Medical expenses --- Medical service, Cost of --- Medicine --- Medical economics --- Medical savings accounts --- Delivery of health care --- Delivery of medical care --- Health care --- Health care delivery --- Health services --- Healthcare --- Medical and health care industry --- Medical services --- Personal health services --- Public health --- Costs
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Coût des soins médicaux --- Geestelijke gezondheid --- Geneeskundige zorgen--Kosten --- Kosten van de geneeskundige zorgen --- Medical care [Cost of ] --- Medical care--Cost --- Medical service [Cost of ] --- Medicine--Cost of medical care --- Medische zorgen--Kosten --- Soins médicaux--Coût --- Gezondheidsindicatoren --- Indicateurs de santé --- 614 --- Gezondheidsbeleid --- Openbare gezondheidszorg--(zie ook {351.84}) --- Politique de la santé --- World health --- Orientation
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